Monkeypox and COVID-19 are different diseases with distinct causes, symptoms, transmission, and prevention methods
Monkeypox results in a rash like in smallpox. But the percentage of death is significantly lower than for smallpox. Monkeypox virus belongs to orthopoxvirus, this was isolated in the late 1950s from sick monkeys. The strains of monkeypox isolated from central Africa is less virulent than west Africa.
Monkeypox and COVID-19 are not the same disease. Although both are viral infections, they differ significantly in their causes, symptoms, transmission patterns, and prevention strategies. Understanding these differences is essential to avoid confusion and unnecessary panic.
Monkeypox is caused by the monkeypox virus, which belongs to the orthopoxvirus family—the same group of viruses that includes smallpox. The virus was first identified in the late 1950s after outbreaks were observed in laboratory monkeys, which is how the disease got its name. Monkeypox primarily occurs in parts of Central and West Africa, where it is considered endemic.
One of the hallmark features of monkeypox is a characteristic rash, often resembling smallpox, though usually milder. The illness typically begins with fever, headache, muscle aches, swollen lymph nodes, and fatigue, followed by the appearance of a rash that progresses through stages—from flat lesions to fluid-filled blisters and scabs. While monkeypox can be serious, the mortality rate is significantly lower than that of smallpox, especially with modern medical care.
There are two main genetic clades of the monkeypox virus: Central African (Congo Basin) and West African. The Central African strain is known to be more virulent and associated with more severe disease, whereas the West African strain is generally less severe and has a lower fatality rate. Most recent outbreaks outside Africa have involved the West African clade.
COVID-19, on the other hand, is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, a coronavirus that primarily affects the respiratory system. It spreads easily through respiratory droplets and aerosols, often leading to widespread community transmission. Symptoms commonly include fever, cough, shortness of breath, fatigue, and loss of taste or smell, and in severe cases, it can cause pneumonia and respiratory failure.
In summary, monkeypox and COVID-19 differ in virus type, symptoms, mode of transmission, and overall risk profile. Clear public awareness and accurate information are key to appropriate prevention and response.
Author: Dr. Shyamala Arani
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